================================ Healthcare in the United States ================================ Global Comparatives ===================== Raw Statistics --------------- * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_total_health_expenditure_(PPP)_per_capita * US: #1 at 17% of GDP ($8,508 per person per year) [OECD 2011] * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_life_expectancy * US: #36 at 79.8 (Women: 82.2, Men: 77.4) [WHO 2012] * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_infant_mortality_rate * US: #47 at 5.2/1000 [CIA 2013] * Structured Rankings --------------------- * http://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/fund-reports/2014/jun/mirror-mirror * US: 11/11 (last place) [Commonwealth Fund 2014] * http://www.who.int/whr/previous/en/ * US: #37 [WHO 2000] Health Insurance in the United States ========================================== | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_insurance | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_insurance_in_the_United_States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_insurance_coverage_in_the_United_States Health Insurance Programs --------------------------- * `Medicare`_ * `Medicaid`_ * `Tricare`_ * `VA`_ * `Federal Employees Health Benefits`_ * `Group Health Plans`_ * `COBRA`_ * `Federal Black Lung Benefits`_ * `Correctional Healthcare`_ **References** * "Medicare & Other Health Benefits: Your Guide to Who Pays First" CMMS http://www.medicare.gov/Pubs/pdf/02179.pdf * "Health Plans & Benefits" http://www.dol.gov/dol/topic/health-plans/ Medicare ++++++++++ | Wikipedia: ``__ | Homepage: http://www.medicare.gov/ * Medicare Part A: Hospital/Hospice * Medicare Part B: Medical Insurance * Medicare Part C: Medicare *Advantage* * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicare_Advantage * Medicare Part D: Prescription drug plans * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicare_Part_D Medicaid +++++++++ | Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicaid | Homepage: http://medicaid.gov/ Tricare ++++++++ | Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricare | Homepage: http://www.tricare.mil/ VA +++ | Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veterans_Health_Administration | Homepage: http://www.va.gov/healthbenefits/ Federal Employees Health Benefits ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ | Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Employees_Health_Benefits_Program | Homepage: http://www.opm.gov/healthcare-insurance/healthcare/ Group Health Plans +++++++++++++++++++ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_insurance AKA "Private Health Insurance" See: `Healthcare.gov`_ COBRA ++++++ | Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consolidated_Omnibus_Budget_Reconciliation_Act_of_1985 | DOL: http://www.dol.gov/dol/topic/health-plans/cobra.htm | Healthcare.gov: https://www.healthcare.gov/unemployed/cobra-coverage/ Federal Black Lung Benefits +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ | Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Lung_Benefits_Act_of_1973 | DOL: http://www.dol.gov/compliance/topics/benefits-comp-blacklung.htm Correctional Healthcare ++++++++++++++++++++++++ | Healthcare.gov: https://www.healthcare.gov/incarcerated-people/ PPACA ------- | Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act | Bill Text: http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/granule/PLAW-111publ148/PLAW-111publ148/content-detail.html | DOL: http://www.dol.gov/ebsa/healthreform/ AKA "Affordable Care Act" (ACA) (D. "Obamacare") See also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_health_care_reform (2006) (R. "Romneycare") Healthcare.gov +++++++++++++++ | Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HealthCare.gov | Homepage: https://www.healthcare.gov/ See also: :ref:`US > Cool Projects > Healthcare.gov ` Health Information Exchange +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_information_exchange * "Meaningful Use" Minimum Medical Loss Ratio +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ * PPACA `Medical Loss Ratio`_ limit: 85%/80% Challenges ============ Conflict of Interest ---------------------- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_of_interest Data Interchange ------------------ * Billing * Who is going to pay for this? * Medical Records * How many times do we need to collect this information? Medical Loss Ratio -------------------- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_ratio#Medical_Loss_Ratio * % of costs spent on other areas (administration, *advertising*, profit) ("overhead") * "Do we really spend a third of health care dollars on billing and bureaucracy?" http://www.politifact.com/oregon/statements/2012/may/11/jennifer-williamson/do-we-really-spend-nearly-third-health-care-dollar/ .. epigraph:: [...] the average medical loss ratio in the United States is about 80 percent. But the reason this study tacks on another 11 percent is that the medical loss ratio "does not take into account the cost of physicians to collect from insurance companies." * PPACA Medical Loss Ratio limit: 85%/80% Preventative Care ------------------- The longer one waits to address a health concern, the more likely it is that it will be more costly. Or, it's less expensive for everyone to be proactive about our health. "They" -------- * What "they" should do if they had any sense. Alternative Plans =================== "Let's just create another program" * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-payer_health_care * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_health_insurance * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_health_care * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_health_coverage_by_country